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Selection from Urdoxa

 

 

            A Camus visage, downcast, dangling cigarette…It is the same face transferred to the solemn moment of the blues musician between sets, the Bukowski-esque writer who just can’t resist another serving of hooch or thigh, the hitch-hiking painter who keeps his masterpieces so inelegantly wrapped in brown paper bag tucked under his arm in the pouring rain, the anguished sound poet who has found himself speechless, the rhetor who undoes himself with his own rhetoric and must make a less than valiant retreat to the manuals of Cicero…It is the same sublime image par excellence on woodcuts depicting the voluptuousness of the sibyls with their worrisome faces…It is retrospective, the specular chamber of internal reflection that realizes that even the consciousness for-itself and in-itself still remains unsatisfying…it is the fleeing of the last Roman from the old empire as the invaders from the north take crude axes to the workings of the sublime that the uncouth could never touch with their hearts…The quiet barrier between two expressions of madness: the individual mind and the rumbling cacophony of a collective world.  I too have worn this face a thousand times, without warning, without conscious effort.  It is a mark or the brand of one enmeshed in the labyrinth of thought and despair forced to mediate selfhood with an outside world that would at any time find any excuse to forget—all through the narrow aperture of my eyes.  I saw it in the photograph of a blind Borges on the cover of his personalized anthology, and I saw it again in a candid picture of Celine no doubt reflecting on his tragedy in an age grown desensitized to tragedies in the spirit of false stoicism.  With the growing homogeneity of culture and the corresponding decrease in the importance of thought, will we ever see such faces again?  Such a noble pose that bears up to tragedy, lives in the perpetual accord with all ironies, cannot be admired in mere imitation; it springs from within.  Machines can reproduce what they like; they can produce everything save for the honesty beneath what it tries to reproduce.  I do worry because the machines are better manufactured for this purpose.  I wonder what will become of it all?

            I started hanging out at a place called Le Bijou, a ramshackle establishment with evergreenery wallpaper and white-grey stucco borders.  The tables were made of finished steel, with those perfectly manicured, small, and closely spaced scratches to dull any shine or any reflection.  But everything there—the beams, chairs, tabletops—were all rickety and on the verge of failure.  One walked through those rooms with some degree of peril, that it would all suddenly collapse like the spring of a rusty bear trap.  Something was always coming loose, a ceiling tile into someone’s lunch platter, the sudden crack and thud of a breaking spindle-leg chair.  All the surfaces were rough, grainy, sometimes splintered and mottled.  In sum, this is what some people called charm.  The walls were lumpy in some places with water damage.  A true miracle that the place wasn’t condemned; I suspected payoffs during inspection season.

            There was a stage—or more accurately, a raised platform, a boxy piece of flooring a foot higher than the rest.  Every few days there would be some entertainment, but it was a sporadic and hastily planned event.  Usually someone just brought a guitar and strummed a few practiced chords.  One terrible pop band called Stripped Nut graced the stage with their wrenching caterwauls.  The singer had no instrument, but you could tell that she was accustomed to having one in her hands during performance because she didn’t seem to know what to do with her hands.  The only thing sustaining her presence was powered by her own vapid and empty lyrics.  Must have been a band that got together as a result of a newspaper ad; those ones are the worst, the most artificial, and the least talented.  Some singers without an instrument to keep them busy have made it a bad habit, during a vocal lull when the prosaic solo tiredly emerges, to walk around the stage and surreptitiously inspect and check up on all the other members as if the singer was some kind of district foreman checking on the productivity of those under his employ.  I hated that.  The guitarist seemed to show a small shred of integrity and creative spunk, him having attached knives to all the tuning pegs with electrical tape.  Too bad this didn’t extend to his playing.

            But these forms of entertainment, as occasional as they were, did not impress upon the patrons to give heed and attention.  Live acts, being so characteristically bad, were widely ignored, a small nuisance in attempting to carry on a conversation at a reasonable volume.  It was just another outburst put to the music, plucked from the glut of available genres so strangely popular in the world.  These entertainers and their “craft” were merely something to gaze half-interestedly at while waiting one’s turn to make a move at chess while the opponent deliberates slowly over the matter of pawns.  Chess was perhaps the biggest draw at Le Bijou, the principal means of socializing.  Wending discussions of philosophy, art, and matters of the world were the regular features, and I did partake of my fair share in these proceedings.  It was like we had never left the Eighteenth Century.  Colourful and intelligent creatures all around in this shabby garden made all the difference in this otherwise dismal city.

            Le Bijou crowd were arranged in a myriad of differing hues according to personality.  Some had, at one time or another, inflated themselves like balloons with ideas for glorious revolutions in the arts and scholarship.  None of these far-reaching idealist plans were punctured by any one singular event, but rather time had brought them down to various degrees of deflation.  Some of them had procured reputations for eccentric deeds that came about through dares, like the fellow who could smoke a cigarette with his ears because someone at a party claimed that you couldn’t hear smoke.  Some of them were very sad indeed, still fighting in an academic war against the analytic tradition with delusions of conquest, despite how many lives the war had already claimed.  Our side was not losing, but had lost at least a decade earlier.  But the traditionalists and avant-garde needed each other more than they knew, a war of dual subsistence, like two mutually supporting pillars, two intercalated economies with similar strategies.  Men like them couldn’t see past the war.  Not being able to dispense with the antagonisms, all their efforts had been totally allocated to the defeat of some large and abstract enemy rather than on more creative pursuits.  Sure, I was equally guilty of railing away with them, but I knew it was all drunk talk: they could not make that precious distinction.  Ah, yes deconstructivists as just another codename for a quasi-military group of discontents, now miles away from their original intentions of freedom and play…just another parody…I couldn’t help but to think of the old guard like Volt and Lake, stewing helplessly in a kind of dialectic against the traditionalists…The horrible irony of endorsing the same strategy one once denounced in earnest.  Sometimes we need to put down our weapons, see things for how they really are, dress up, and make the transition from soldier to pall-bearing veteran.

            On the whole, the Le Bijou crowd were a bit of a theatrical illusion where some final triumphant line like “then we left and lived out the rest of our lives” was delivered, but the intransigent curtain refused to fall on command.  The awkward silence ensuing when the play was supposed to end, yet remained embarrassingly suspended in a wearisome banality.  The audience itches to leave, as do the actors who have no more lines to deliver, everyone kept captive.  With the curtain refusing to fall and end the scene properly, we all become subject to a humiliation of failure that makes one gasp and turn red, all thoughts fixated on escape.  Oh, blushing Bijou, when will the actors exit the stage?  But it was the actors who suddenly forgot how to flee, that instinctual mechanism blocked, in its place a paralysis…and so the audience remained as their captors.  I had one of those moments once in different context: upon delivering a harsh and well-scripted hate polemic against a woman where I had to make a choice between continued nausea or freedom, all this transpiring at a bus stop of all likely places.  Once I drove the final damning point home, I took for granted that the bus would still be there when I turned around, to board it and make my poetic exit, but it had just rolled away.  I was forced to wait for the next one with her there, and so the climactic moment had been eclipsed by an unsuspected failure.  It made me believe that not everything could happen in the tidy confines of fiction.

            Though the Bijou crowd could be a bit much, there were some good times.  Besides, it didn’t matter much to me.  I had my eyes to the future, my spirit in the past, and my feet wearily and empirically trodding upon the ruddy face of the present.  It beat hanging down and out with the pathetic proles.

***

            I was tramping about town one night, too far from Le Bijou, and looking for a beverage to sink myself into, to think about how barbaric those days really were.  I needed to feel encased, if for but a moment, in a spiralling nimbus of thought and to enclose myself in from the night.  Something had come over me and my countenance had been irremediably changed, damaged, whatever.  Saturday night dance whores flitted like moths to their designated zones of debauchery and inanities.  Suddenly an object of public hatred, I regarded them with my own critical eye, with a loathing disgust.  A group of tight-topped women in my path with their arms folded neatly over their false breasts giggled.  I said in low and hating tones, “ you are stupid cattle.” The reply came with uncanny force, like a scene outside of space and time, in its own isolated scene constructed out of a solitary and transcendent moment.  One of the women, her face conveying deep shame stemming from a resolute inability to care about anything beyond her meagre sphere of idiocy, said, “I’m so sorry.”  For that one shining moment, this woman embodied the entire dance-trash movement, and was directing an apology to me.  I must have dreamed this, she must have just flipped me off, I’m certain of it.  But on that day I got the fool notion in my head that I had some power that could be exercised over the masses, to make the shameless feel shame.  I wondered how far these powers extended.  No longer an ineffectual thought-producer, theory swiller, it came to light that I had real sway and charisma over the masses.  They could be reshaped at will, within reasonable and definable limits, and it didn’t necessarily require the heavy hand of capital (ah, how pop culture is merely another name for consumer culture!).  In an abstract sense, who was acting on their behalf as their leader, or was this position still open and undecided?  Was there a vacuum I could occupy?  “Play with their lives,” a voice inside me demanded.  The notions of play and death were rich in my blood; for those were the tasks the Calembours had been successful at, a kind of genealogical determinism.  I know all of this figures into my later writing.

            Those nymphs and waifs were chasing about town in cabs, looking to find quick cures for bodily loneliness or just sating the libido out of pure boredom and habit.  What, other than idleness and a lack of self-betterment, prompted them to engage in such a nihilist enterprise so incommensurate with a validated life?  In talking with a man named Sam, a man with rocks in his belly, a regular at Le Bijou, my curiousity in this matter was intensely aroused rather than abated, as was his intention.

            “The bulk of the citizens care not for reasons, our arguments, or our poignant meditations,” he said bluntly with a slight sententious air. “To them, there is no utility in art unless it is pretty, no utility in knowledge unless it translates into sex and money.  They are ahistorical, hedonistic, ignorant club machines that consume worthless products with no regard for either yesterday or tomorrow.  The now is all that concerns them.”

            “And so products are geared mostly for them, unless dictated otherwise, like when they decide to lasso us in and cater to our tastes—which is not often.  Not that I mind being excluded from the market narrative.  But marketing is strictly focused on these listless and highly suggestible bodies,” I added.

            “Yes, precisely for them and their ephemeral passions.”

            “Is it passion?” I countered. “You were correct in affixing them with the label of machines, very apropos.  Machines have no passions, only programmable reactions.  Their sensibilized existence, the pop culturists, seems to admit of no feeling in their repertoire.  It’s just a process of the night, a protracted commercialism beyond the normal realm of the diurnal bustle.  The night economy…an outlet for sex and violence as machinic responses to an era out of its mind?  It’s a very pathetic subculture under the tyranny of its own codifiers.”

            “And yet a very large and popular subculture.  As for the passions and the machine, let’s not quibble over my use of analogies.  Okay, I twisted the analogy a bit, but I think I can still redeem the statement, salvage something from it, perhaps reiterate the sexualization of biomechanics?  Maybe we’ll just drop it…”

            “Among westernized societies, it is a universal, this popular culture motif.  I could jump from London to Vancouver, from Chicago to Berlin, and still find there a carbon copy of some original form that does not exist.  Sick isn’t it?  I could go all around the world and hear the same popular ear torture absolutely anywhere.  In a strange sense, pop culture of this magnitude has taken over the world.  This, of course, increases the perils of our own survival, for if this slavish lifestyle of narcotizing automata is so highly emphasized and endorsed, relics like us go out of fashion.  No room!  Dissenters to the trains! Theoreticians to their own closed off island away from the meta-narratives of this world! Socially speaking, we are already at a dangerous disequilibrium, too far out of step with the common concern.  All pie in the sky, all silver-diamond brooches in the closet!”

            [11. My mother on several occasions spoke of a silver and diamond brooch she hid in her closet, for when times got rough.  How could one not idolize the security of that brooch, that symbol of the net that catches us when our fiduciary world crumbles?  That brooch, to me, was a constant source of symbolic safety, the very firmament that ensured that we would always have something to eat.  Note my consternation at having discovered that this brooch was a lie, that it had never existed, but was merely a fable my mother told as a manipulative gesture of my having faith in her as a provider, a god.  When that brooch disappeared from the real, many of my dreams went with it, and what was left was an empty haze where uncertainty reigned.]

            “All things return, like a gyroscope.”

            “But that’s affirming the fallacy of circularity in time, quite vulgar in its conception,”[i] I said. “What if their subcultural mechanisms succeed in supplanting our own?  What then?  Do we hope for a return that may never come?”

            “Then it will be a dark day indeed.  But what is to be done?  It is not at the level of the participant where any changes can be effected, less so at the level of the signifier.  A little touch of subversive knowledge given here or there would be meaningless against the perpetual indoctrination the media subjects these poor wretches to.  I’ll tell you: it’s okay to be stupid; it’s okay to spurn the intellect.  Who devised this bullshit?  Well, a mixture of latent 1950’s optimism for starters, anti-intellectualism spurred by a quantitative rather than qualitative increase in human beings, the need for mutable masses to be kept in check by large powers, in short, a power structure of corporatists and social engineers who borrow their crafty methods from the history of politics.  So, to assist any of the afflicted—for surely anyone under the subtle yet ubiquitous tyranny of being-control perpetrated by an invasive and manipulative mega-economic apparatus is afflicted, and in my opinion diseased—means nothing, despite the old cliché of an ounce of prevention bullshit.  Think of the enormous expenditure in time and energy it would take to convert just one of the afflicted! You’d have to start from scratch, re-educate them, and then re-integrate them into the fold in such a way that what you taught will stick.  Now imagine that on a larger scale!”

            “I’d like to look more into this power structure you speak of before we turn to the hopeless task of treating the terminally wounded,” I said in an attempt to shift away from Sam’s rather jaded view of everything.  He was more alive in talking about the abstract, the power structures, it gave him a thrill.  Talk of this variety gave him full license to use as many constipated phrasings borrowed from Marxist rhetoric as possible.  And, boy, could he ever stuff a sentence!

            “I may be too jaded, and a tad too reactionary,” he said with surprising sobriety. “I mean, being vilified for having any intellectual predilections is enough to instil a sense of paranoia, hatred and misunderstanding, as I’m sure you’re all too aware.  I also include being excluded as a kind of vilification.  It is precisely the fact that we can do nothing that prompts us to put into play our endless world theories, and so we have no other choice but to continue fabricating in a vacuum.  The more the many do not care to listen, the quicker our pens scratch across the page with ideas and polemical manifestos. Why is that?  We have power only among ourselves; outside the small enclosure of tightly nit thinkers in the sublime collegium we are ineffectual.

            “The power structure is indeed an interesting manifestation and extension of the state.  But in concerns to pop culture, the power complex is very complicated, vast, interconnected, and distributed.  It appears deceptively straightforward.  The power-wielders are surreptitiously present and absent.  There is no cohesive doctrine”—this, I have to remark, is what stuck in my craw, got my gears a-going—“no end other than the continuation of its existence in constant reformulations, replication of itself through time, and the consumption of products.  But pop culture does more than exhaust the wallet,” he said, on a roll, poised to strike at the heart of the entire matter, “it is the enemy, for it consumes time, makes it a cheap thing.  With endless spectacles, diversions, digressions, distractions of all types and stripes, what you call the circuses, it fills the void of being with flimshaw, hayseed, Styrofoam chips.  Wherever there is a gap in identity or meaning, it is there ready to insinuate its smelly and amorphous body.  It almost beckons us to give up these fruitless searches for knowledge and surrender ourselves to become one with its aberrant collectivity, to give faith and trust in its mighty wisdom—as poorly shaped as it may be.  And perhaps we should strike at it with all our might, to quarantine and kill it.  Normalization, homogeneity, the death of the spontaneous, numeralization, are its goals and this is achieved by appealing to the primal needs of its adherents: i.e., shocking spectacles of sex and violence, pyrotechnics, and sustained peaks of inebriation—no accountability, a curse word, a taboo notion! It is hard for people of our more delicate sensitivities, our more discerning palates, to understand the appeal of the cheap thrill the adherents seem to tragically find to be the most ineffaceable truth.  For we are burdened with knowledge, and this gives us a gravity…We won’t fly away tomorrow with the next airy craze! No! My feet firmly planted, thank you very much! We are historical, they are vulgar and without a sense of history…To put it simply as fact, not entirely arrogant, we are their unacknowledged betters.  But there’s the rub, isn’t it?  Unacknowledged! Yes, it’s an us and them mentality, but it so applies to this situation, with violence!   At what price, I ask you, at what price their empty happiness?  And how many of us will it try to take down with it even if we try to stay suspended over and above them all…Oh, such a vile exclusion…Why don’t they listen…even to themselves for just a moment, perhaps even see the black and cancerous heart of their most cherished nightlives for what it is!  Why don’t they cast off all their plastic pursuits and try living in the world?  Or is the message that this is the world now?”

            Sam weaved like this, amidst sorrow and violent temper.  One could cut the pathos in the air with a knife; I suspected him of over-rhetoricizing the issue, making an argument from a false authority.  What did he know?  What did I know?  The speech had its effect regardless.  It brought across the feeling of being a species on the verge of extinction, the last standoff of the buffalo.  However, I could not share his bleak view in its entirety, in its almost whiny and bitter quality.  Surely the situation—especially as he presented it—was dire indeed and a cause for some action, but I knew there was a solution at hand if only we could get over our prejudices for just a moment—to grasp the whole as a problem instead of relying on some antagonism.  Ah, you little generals! Youth, vigour, and piss (on it all)![ii] To revaluate the method of the intellectual against the ignorant, I found that it was too distracted with a confrontational attitude.  To none of them had it occurred that perhaps change could be affected from within the evil bowels of the enemy, to infiltrate and corrupt the foundations.  One option was to illustrate its ridiculousness.  This could be done, for example, by approaching the superlatives in someone’s speech and increasing them unto absurdity.  Predictable calculus.  But this strategy would most likely only heat up the conflict, give sway to a glut of bothersome editorials, give old Sam there a box upon which to stand and deliver his coaxing and lament.  No soap!

***

            This was a particularly formative year without forms.  Apart from my regular frequenting of Le Bijou, I had undertaken to understand the club subculture by way of a non-interfering observation method.  Quietly in wait, an arachnoid entity, a forgotten soul in the corner, I made mental notes on the process inherent in the participation in this niche.  I then tempered these observations with underscoring speculations concerning aetiologies and power structures.  Regularly, I was not one to observe symptoms with a view to creating a clinical picture[iii], but these movements in the night had overtly set themselves up as clinicization.  It was all about the comportment one took going into these things, conscious or otherwise, and the comportment the participants had in their perceptions and reactions that thereby conformed to some systematization.  Hey, they bought it all up! But I still could not touch this primal spring, the originary image from which all these symptoms derived.  A frequently returning thought plagued me that perhaps what this subculture required was some tangible image to get it started in earnest, a meaning I would produce and control, in which they all could endorse lovingly…some face or tenet that would unite them totally.  The image, when well constructed, was a binding force that promised the possibility of unswerving allegiance.  Perhaps I would either construct this image or become it.  Because, you know, it is not what you start with but what you make of it…and other valuable lessons Nevelson teaches us with her sculptured scrap…Ernie Coombs was down with that philosophical objective as well…[iv]

            This was not to say that I loathed any of them any less.  Indeed.  I could loiter on this point interminably and exhaust my list of adjectives, and others’ as well! But it was never my intention to belabour my obvious opinions on the matter, though I am painted red with the guilt of such action almost every day.  It was easier to let it rest that I had designs.  Beyond merely being frivolous citoyennes of the failed proper speech republic, idle cutthroats of the dollar, poor projections of the world’s normalized image, every temporary obsession took on the aspect of a run-through concertina—fads that were already on their way out, speeding away as soon as anyone had gotten hold of them, the receding and dubious image of the Yeti back into the woods…back into the mystery.  Well, no mystery, really, more like programmed shelf life of the fad…But still…Ah, but the sun refreshes itself at every moment that it hangs there, and refreshes the soil with its rays upon rising.  In fact, the process was analogously similar: the recycling of image fragments from former eras and once failed fads, from mer to merde.[v] Well, that was scattered…

            I had a feeling that the gentleman at Le Bijou, Sam, whose real name Santerre,[vi]wanted to inculcate in me an incendiary type of pathos for reasons all too clear: he wanted desperately to cancel his loneliness, to have me spearhead some sort of revolution whereas he was too meek and uninspired to carry it through himself…Not to mention the risk associated with failure! He’s one to talk about accountability, that little frightened hamster!  He would retreat at the sound of the bugler! Le Bijou was full of these emasculated types, all talk, all desiring that the revolution would be started for them so they could make their useless appearance and declare their essential instrumentality in the victory (fools! They think that a victory is forthcoming! Where do they get off?).  Far be it from me, a man so unstable and made excessively to order by a violent death and return, to act as the catalyst of their dreams or the fulcrum of action.  They were all tired, yet amusing, relics and nothing more…Perhaps tolerable conversationalists and capable chess players, but not the stuff of dreams.  They had still to get out from under the anguish of a world bent on the machina ante intellectum.[vii]  Once they cast this common lie from themselves, purged their minds of it as practically ridiculous, they’d be free; otherwise, they’d be under the yoke of fruitless dialectical battles that could never be won.  And indeed, it was a battle that could never be won tangibly, with the hands, the words, anything…because there could be no concrete results.  My strategy—if I could flatter myself into calling it that—was to remain in a self-constructed world of abstractions.  Those within the practical narrative called it hiding; I liked to call it self-preservation.  Of course, this was not always the solution, for I couldn’t be the Beautiful Soul all the time.[viii] So who is worthy of going on, if no one at Le Bijou?  Well, “twice shall their reward be given them, because they have endured with fortitude, requiting evil with good and giving in alms a part of what We gave them; and because they pay no heed to idle talk, but say: ‘We have our actions and you have yours.  We wish you peace.  We will have nothing to do with ignorant men.”[ix]

            Never had I concerned myself with real people.  All of my contacts are in themselves products worthy of some fantastic fiction…phantasms of Geist…derivations of literature.  Real people filled the air with disappointing noise, boring stock-tips, overdone colloquial expressions made briefly popular by the media (of course I have in mind the catch-phrases born on the television, highlighted as clever, and thereafter falling into the graveyard of catch-phrases past which are dredged up by television only to have a good laugh at them).  They had “normal people” problems.  Simple and uninteresting.

 

 



[i] Calembour is making reference here to the vulgar concept of time followed from Aristotle to Hegel, most likely an assertion made by Derrida in “Ousia and Gramme”.

[ii] “Little generals” is an abducted phrase from the works of Mao-Tse Tung.

[iii] Elsewhere, Calembour acknowledges a staggering debt to the reading of Gilles Deleuze, particularly his essay on masochism and his book, Essays: Critical and Clinical.  According to Calembour, these texts were of such powerful influence on his thinking at the time that he lists them as indispensable. He is also sharing a concern against ethnocentricism raised by Jean Baudrillard in Simulacra and Simulations.

[iv] Nevelson: reference to famous sculptress Louise Nevelson (1900-1988).  Calembour is giving a factual account of aims, yet he appends this with a playful connection to the Canadian children’s show host of Mr. Dressup, Ernie Coombs, whose artistic segments at times included inventive uses with discarded items.

[v] Calembour is fond of skipping across languages, despite the fact that he is not so clever when he makes these cross-linguistic attempts.  What he appears to be trying to do here is to make a light pun, comparing the sea with excrement.  Despite his prodigious learning, Calembour himself admits to a lack of ability in French, but this does not seem to prevent him from inserting these attempts into his speech and writing.  As a side note, a recent monograph by Johann Fielneri had attributed Calembour’s insistent use of French terms was as an emulation of the authors he himself held dear, as a kind of tribute.  However flattering this thesis, it is more likely that Calembour was merely falling into ostentation, parading his “worldliness” in knowledge. On this score, Calembour only once admitted his weakness in French: “There are too many ironies that link (or dislocate) me with the French language (incidentally one of the most beautiful on this planet; who would have ever known that it was derived from simple agrarian Gauls?).  However, despite my French name and the fact that I read so many French authors, I must confess that I am an imposter. I read my precious authors in English translation (no shame in that; there are very competent hands on this side too!), and my use of the language is atrocious and jarring to the ears.  This is, I know, going to work to my discredit.” (from an explanatory note in response to a Master’s Degree application question on the candidate’s knowledge of other languages). 

[vi] Another instance of a play on words in French; see previous note.  What Calembour intends here is unclear except that he wishes to unite sans and terre as meaning “without earth”.  This enigmatic device remains obscure, though it may be prone to speculations of all sorts.  As a note of warning to those not entirely familiar with Calembour’s works, he was fond of inserting these enigmatic and obscure formulations so that “…posthumously my words—my little jokes—might be taken seriously.  I could not think of a higher delight than to know that my throw-away lines were going to perplex scholars for centuries to come with all their out-there speculations.  Who has the last laugh then?  Ha! Of course, I wouldn’t be so stupid as to say exactly which phrases are nonsensical; you never know!  Just being true to my namesake…” (Confessions…203).

[vii] While Calembour takes liberties with French, he is by contrast very careful and sparing in his use of Latin.  Occasionally, he makes up a new phrase through the alteration of existing popular Latin phrases, as in this example, where machina ante intellectum (the machine over the intellect) is an alteration of the well-known fides ante intellectum (faith over intellect, a very popular Church saying).  It is doubtful that Calembour was officially schooled in Latin, but he does borrow phrases from Ockham, Duns Scotus, and the Roman poets on the odd occasion where he believes that it is appropriate.

[viii] This is a direct reference to Hegel’s mention of the Beautiful Soul in The Phenomenology of Spirit.

[ix] This quotation from the Koran, 4:93.  Calembour often got into the pretentious habit of long quotations, especially those whose context he would distort to make applicable to the situation.  The quotation was meant to be timely, and it was most likely that his historical sense won out over actual historical account, for his time spent at Le Bijou was contemporaneous with the terrorist attacks on the United States.  In this regard, he is being somewhat cheeky, veiling a criticism against the unnecessary intolerance against the Islamic faith in the Western world.

 

 

 
 
   


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